International Journal of Infectious Diseases
Volume 12, Issue 6 , Pages e39-e47 , November 2008

Saposin-like proteins are expressed in the gastrodermis of Schistosoma mansoni and are immunogenic in natural infections

  • Tegan A. Don

      Affiliations

    • Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, 300 Herston Rd, Brisbane 4006, Queensland, Australia
    • School of Molecular and Microbial Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
    • ,
  • Jeffrey M. Bethony

      Affiliations

    • Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
    • ,
  • Alex Loukas

      Affiliations

    • Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, 300 Herston Rd, Brisbane 4006, Queensland, Australia
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +61 7 3845 3702; fax: +61 7 3845 3507.

Received 12 October 2007 ,Revised 30 October 2007 ,Accepted 30 October 2007.

References 

  1. Crompton DW. How much human helminthiasis is there in the world?. J Parasitol. 1999;85:397–403
  2. King CH, Dickman K, Tisch DJ. Reassessment of the cost of chronic helmintic infection: a meta-analysis of disability-related outcomes in endemic schistosomiasis. Lancet. 2005;365:1561–1569
  3. Lawrence JD. The ingestion of red blood cells by Schistosoma mansoni. J Parasitol. 1973;59:60–63
  4. Brindley PJ, Kalinna BH, Dalton JP, Day SR, Wong JY, Smythe ML, et al. Proteolytic degradation of host hemoglobin by schistosomes. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1997;89:1–9
  5. Caffrey CR, McKerrow JH, Salter JP, Sajid M. Blood ‘n’ guts: an update on schistosome digestive peptidases. Trends Parasitol. 2004;20:241–248
  6. Kasschau MR, Robinson DC, Dresden MH. Schistosoma mansoni: activation of hemolytic activity in homogenates from live adult worms. Exp Parasitol. 1986;62:442–449
  7. Kasschau MR, Dresden MH. Schistosoma mansoni: characterization of hemolytic activity from adult worms. Exp Parasitol. 1986;61:201–209
  8. Kasschau MR, Byam-Smith MP, Gentry DS, Watson FN. Influence of pH and temperature on hemolysis by adult Schistosoma mansoni membranes. J Exp Zool. 1995;271:315–322
  9. Asahi H, Moribayashi A, Sendo F, Kobayakawa T. Hemolytic factors in Schistosoma japonicum eggs. Infect Immun. 1984;46:514–518
  10. Lee JY, Cho PY, Kim TY, Kang SY, Song KY, Hong SJ. Hemolytic activity and developmental expression of pore-forming peptide, clonorin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2002;296:238–244
  11. Espino AM, Hillyer GV. Molecular cloning of a member of the Fasciola hepatica saposin-like protein family. J Parasitol. 2003;89:545–552
  12. Leippe M, Tannich E, Nickel R, van der Goot G, Pattus F, Horstmann RD, et al. Primary and secondary structure of the pore-forming peptide of pathogenic Entamoeba histolytica. EMBO J. 1992;11:3501–3506
  13. Zhai Y, Saier MH. The amoebapore superfamily. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2000;1469:87–99
  14. Leippe M, Andra J, Nickel R, Tannich E, Muller-Eberhard HJ. Amoebapores, a family of membranolytic peptides from cytoplasmic granules of Entamoeba histolytica: isolation, primary structure, and pore formation in bacterial cytoplasmic membranes. Mol Microbiol. 1994;14:895–904
  15. Andersson M, Gunne H, Agerberth B, Boman A, Bergman T, Sillard R, et al. NK-lysin, a novel effector peptide of cytotoxic T and NK cells. Structure and cDNA cloning of the porcine form, induction by interleukin 2, antibacterial and antitumour activity. EMBO J. 1995;14:1615–1625
  16. Bruhn H. A short guided tour through functional and structural features of saposin-like proteins. Biochem J. 2005;389:249–257
  17. Altschul SF, Gish W, Miller W, Myers EW, Lipman DJ. Basic local alignment search tool. J Mol Biol. 1990;215:403–410
  18. Bendtsen JD, Nielsen H, von Heijne G, Brunak S. Improved prediction of signal peptides: SignalP 3.0. J Mol Biol. 2004;340:783–795
  19. Don TA, Oksov Y, Lustigman S, Loukas A. Saposin-like proteins from the intestine of the blood-feeding hookworm, Ancylostoma caninum. Parasitology. 2007;134(Pt 3):427–436
  20. Loukas A, Jones MK, King LT, Brindley PJ, McManus DP. Receptor for Fc on the surfaces of schistosomes. Infect Immun. 2001;69:3646–3651
  21. Don TA, Jones MK, Smyth D, O’Donoghue P, Hotez P, Loukas A. A pore-forming haemolysin from the hookworm, Ancylostoma caninum. Int J Parasitol. 2004;34:1029–1035
  22. Tran MH, Pearson MS, Bethony JM, Smyth DJ, Jones MK, Duke M, et al. Tetraspanins on the surface of Schistosoma mansoni are protective antigens against schistosomiasis. Nature Med. 2006;12:835–840
  23. Smyth D, McManus DP, Smout MJ, Laha T, Zhang W, Loukas A. Isolation of cDNAs encoding secreted and transmembrane proteins from Schistosoma mansoni by a signal sequence trap method. Infect Immun. 2003;71:2548–2554
  24. Andra J, Leippe M. Pore-forming peptide of Entamoeba histolytica. Significance of positively charged amino acid residues for its mode of action. FEBS Lett. 1994;354:97–102
  25. Montresor A, Crompton DW, Bundy DA, Hall A, Savioli L. Guidelines for the evaluation of soil-transmitted helminthiasis and schistosomiasis at community level: a guide for managers of control programs. Schistosomiasis and Intestinal Parasites Unit, Division of Control of Tropical Diseases (WHO/CTDS/SIP/98.1). Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 1998.
  26. Hecht O, Van Nuland NA, Schleinkofer K, Dingley AJ, Bruhn H, Leippe M, et al. Solution structure of the pore-forming protein of Entamoeba histolytica. J Biol Chem. 2004;279:17834–17841
  27. Kishimoto Y, Hiraiwa M, O’Brien JS. Saposins: structure, function, distribution, and molecular genetics. J Lipid Res. 1992;33:1255–1267
  28. Grams R, Adisakwattana P, Ritthisunthorn N, Eursitthichai V, Vichasri-Grams S, Viyanant V. The saposin-like proteins 1, 2, and 3 of Fasciola gigantica. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 2006;148:133–143
  29. Bennett MW, Caulfield JP. Specific binding of human low-density lipoprotein to the surface of schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni and ingestion by the parasite. Am J Pathol. 1991;138:1173–1182
  30. Espino AM, Hillyer GV. A novel Fasciola hepatica saposin-like recombinant protein with immunoprophylactic potential. J Parasitol. 2004;90:876–879

PII: S1201-9712(08)00105-7

doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2007.10.007

International Journal of Infectious Diseases
Volume 12, Issue 6 , Pages e39-e47 , November 2008

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution