Clinical impact of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) in patients with bloodstream infection

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Background: To evaluate the clinical impact of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in patients with Bloodstream infection

Methods: We prospectively collected medical records of adult patients with bloodstream infection who visited to all departments of Jeju National University Hospital for 2 years (from March 2007 through March 2009), including clinical data to meet the criteria of SIRS when blood culture was done.

Results: A total of 309 patients with bloodstream infection were enrolled in this study. We compared 191 (61.8%) patients who met criteria for SIRS at the time of blood collection (SIRS group) with 118 patients (38.2%) who did not meet criteria for SIRS (non-SIRS group). Underlying diseases of bloodstream infection were malignancy (21.7%), diabetes mellitus (14.9%) and liver disease (13.3%). The probable sources of bloodstream infections were urinary tract infection (30.1%) intraabdominal infection (28.5%), respiratory tract infection (12.6%) and catheter-related infection (4.5%). There were no significantly statistic differences between SIRS group and non-SIRS group on probable infection sources and underlying condition. But community-acquired infections were more common in non-SIRS group (p=0.01). 30-days of overall and infection-related mortality were significantly higher in SIRS group (p=0.001 and p=0.004, respectively).

Conclusion: The presence of SIRS when blood culture was done could be a prognostic marker in patients with bloodstream infection.