Trends in early and late diagnosis of HIV-1 infections in Tokyoites from 2002 to 2010

Hayashida, Tsunefusa; Gatanaga, Hiroyuki; Takahashi, Yukiko; Negishi, Fujie; Kikuchi, Yoshimi; Oka, Shinichi

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2011.11.003

« Previous Next »International Journal of Infectious Diseases
Volume 16, Issue 3 , Pages e172-e177, March 2012

Trends in early and late diagnosis of HIV-1 infections in Tokyoites from 2002 to 2010

Tsunefusa Hayashida
- AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
- Japan Foundation for AIDS Prevention, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
Hiroyuki Gatanaga
- AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
- Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +81 3 3202 7181; fax: +81 3 5273 6483.
Yukiko Takahashi
- AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
Fujie Negishi
- AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
Yoshimi Kikuchi
- AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
Shinichi Oka
- AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
- Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

Received 8 August 2011; received in revised form 5 November 2011; accepted 12 November 2011. published online 11 January 2012.

Corresponding Editor: Mark Holodniy, California, USA

Summary

Objective

The objective of this study was to delineate the trends in early and late diagnosis of HIV-1 infection in newly diagnosed Tokyoites.

Methods

The BED assay was used to identify cases diagnosed at an early stage of infection. BED-positive non-AIDS cases with a CD4 cell count ≥200/μl were defined as cases with recent infection. The rates of AIDS and recent infection in 809 newly diagnosed Tokyoites during 2002–2010 were analyzed.

Results

The AIDS rate was 22.5%. AIDS patients were older (40.4 years) than non-AIDS patients (35.0 years), and a smaller proportion were men who have sex with men (MSM) in AIDS patients (81.7%) than in non-AIDS patients (89.9%). The AIDS rate was persistently lower (≤14.3%) in ≤29-year-old than in ≥30-year-old MSM. The rate of recent infection was 24.4%. Individuals with recent infection (33.0 years old) were younger than the others (37.2 years). The rate of recent infection was lower (≤18.5%) in MSM aged ≥40 years than in those aged ≤39 years during the study period, except for 2007 and 2008.

Conclusions

Younger MSM Tokyoites appear to be aware of the risk of their sexual behavior, sufficient to take voluntary HIV testing repeatedly, resulting in early diagnosis. Older MSM did not take HIV testing frequently enough and may be a good target for campaigns promoting testing.

Keywords: BED assay, Subtype B, MSM, Japanese, Tokyoites