Coronavirus (COVID-19) Collection
Differential clinical characteristics and performance of home antigen tests between parents and children after household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 during the Omicron variant pandemic
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) BA.2 pandemic struck in 2022. Children seemed to have a lower rate of infection than adults at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, but the clinical scenario changed, especially after the Omicron variant outbreak [1]. The transmission of SARS-CoV-2 may vary according to different viral variants, settings, and individuals, and understanding the transmission rate and factors associated with transmission may help further control COVID-19. To this end, the difference in clinical symptoms and overall household transmission rate between children and adults needs further investigation.Third of patients have gustatory dysfunction 9 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection: the ANOSVID study
Olfactory and/or gustatory dysfunctions (OGD) are specific symptoms of COVID-19 (Salmon Ceron et al., 2020). Olfactory (OD) dysfunction have drawn considerable attention in the beginning of the pandemic, more than gustatory dysfunction (GD) (Klopfenstein et al., 2020; Parma et al., 2020). However, OGD's impact on quality of life seems to be majority due to GD (Coelho et al., 2021) which is defined as partial (hypogeusia) or complete (ageusia) loss of taste. Questions about COVID-19 GD remain, especially GD duration and the proportion of patients with persistent GD (Hopkins et al., 2021).COVID-19 and kidney transplantation: the impact of remdesivir on renal function and outcome - a retrospective cohort study
Lifelong immunosuppression and the burden of comorbidities put organ transplant recipients at risk for unfavorable outcome after SARS-CoV-2 infection (Qin et al., 2021, Jager et al., 2020). The initial lack of knowledge concerning this new and puzzling disease as well as the absence of targeted and effective antiviral interventions during the early phases of the pandemic resulted in a mortality of kidney transplant (KTx) recipients exceeding 25% (Oltean et al., 2020). However, rapidly accumulating information, evolving guidelines, and several experimental treatments seem to have improved the outcomes following COVID-19 both in transplanted patients and the general population (Heldman et al., 2021, Elec et al., 2021, Villanego et al., 2021).Constrictive pericarditis after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: A case report
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is associated with a wide range of cardiovascular complications such as myocarditis, heart failure, arrhythmias, and venous thromboembolism (Chang et al., 2021). Although SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has been widely adopted to prevent the spread of COVID-19, vaccine-associated cardiovascular complications, such as myocarditis and pericarditis, have been reported (Bozkurt et al., 2021; Pepe et al., 2021).T-cell receptor repertoires as potential diagnostic markers for patients with COVID-19
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread rapidly worldwide (Lai et al., 2020). As of June 20, 2021, SARS-CoV-2 had affected more than 179 060 045 people globally, causing over 3.87 million deaths. In the USA, as many as 34 401 766 individuals had tested positive for COVID-19, and the death toll had reached 617 091 people (Baidu, 2021). The symptoms of COVID-19 include a dry cough, fever, diarrhea, fatigue, pneumonia, and conjunctivitis.SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen testing in the healthcare sector: A clinical prediction model for identifying false negative results
Since its onset (Zhu et al., 2020), the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged to a major burden for the population in general but especially brought great challenges for the healthcare sector (Miller et al., 2020). Recent statistics presented by the German federal government agency Robert-Koch-Institute (RKI) show that cough, fever, nasal congestion, sore throat and loss of smell or taste are the most common symptoms caused by COVID-19 (RKI, 2021a).Coronavirus disease 2019 and the gut–lung axis
Turner-Warwick (1968) and Kraft et al. (1976) reported the first evidence of pulmonary–intestinal cross-talk nearly 50 years ago, when they noted the development of severe, chronic bronchopulmonary disease in patients diagnosed years previously with inflammatory bowel disease. Microbes seem to play an important role in this cross-talk by affecting normal and pathological immune responses in the gut and lungs (Budden et al., 2017; He et al., 2017; Enaud et al., 2020). For example, some studies have linked changes in the gut microbiome with changes in lung immunity (Olszak et al., 2012; Barfod et al., 2013; Russell et al., 2013; Chen et al., 2014).Immunological changes after COVID-19 vaccination in an HIV-positive patient
Concerns regarding the safety of vaccination in people living with HIV (PLWH) remain. Although no unusual adverse effects have been found after vaccination in PLWH, there are still not enough data to definitively prove whether or not infection with HIV raises the risk of adverse events after vaccination (Su et al., 2018). More than a year into the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), several vaccines based on different platforms have been developed, although no effective vaccine for HIV has yet been employed, probably due to the different mechanisms of infection (Haynes, 2021) [Au?1].Inverse association between hypertension treatment and COVID-19 prevalence in Japan
SARS-CoV-2 is the causative virus for COVID-19. Cell entry of SARS-CoV-2 depends on angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE2), which is a membrane-associated zinc peptidase, and transmembrane serine protease 2, which is a cellular serine protease (Zhou et al., 2020b; Hoffmann et al., 2020; Hirano and Murakami, 2020). ACE2 is homologous with, but acts antagonistically to, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and has the critical function of protecting the lungs from severe acute injury (Imai et al., 2005).The spatiotemporal trend of renal involvement in COVID-19: A pooled analysis of 17 134 patients
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel respiratory infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has reopened the issue of the role and importance of coronaviruses in human pathology (World Health Organization, 2020a). In fact, only seven coronaviruses are known to be zoonotic, with the ability to jump from animals to humans. Four of them cause mild illnesses, such as the common cold, while the other three types have had more catastrophic consequences: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and now SARS-CoV-2 (Čivljak et al., 2020).Factors associated with a prolonged negative conversion of viral RNA in patients with COVID-19
Cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology were first reported from Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in December 2019 (Shi et al., 2020). In February 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) named this emerging disease coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the agent responsible was identified as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (Lai et al., 2020).Efficacy evaluation of intravenous immunoglobulin in non-severe patients with COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study based on propensity score matching
In December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (Wu et al., 2020). Person-to-person transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has been confirmed, and individuals with asymptomatic infections have been identified as potential infection sources (Chan et al., 2020; Rothe et al., 2020). To date, SARS-CoV-2 has spread to almost all countries worldwide, and the number of confirmed cases and deaths has been growing rapidly due to the high rate of infectivity (R0).Low vitamin D status is associated with coronavirus disease 2019 outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has had a catastrophic impact worldwide (Walker et al., 2020). Although it is difficult to compare national data, mortality from COVID-19 is significantly higher in some countries than in others (Li 2020). For example, Spain, Italy, and the United Kingdom have higher mortality rates than the United States and Germany. Multiple factors contribute to this difference, including differences in aging, general health, government decisions, accessibility and quality of healthcare, and socioeconomic status (Patel et al., 2020; Raifman and Raifman, 2020).The impact of universal face masking and enhanced hand hygiene for COVID-19 disease prevention on the incidence of hospital-acquired infections in a Taiwanese hospital
Since December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly from Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China, around the world (Chen et al., 2020). COVID-19 was first detected in Taiwan on 21 January 2020 (Cheng et al., 2020). During the stressful and distressing time of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic in 2003, the Taiwanese government implemented wide-ranging preventive actions, including: public health education, medical resources allocation, enhanced case identification, high-risk group quarantine, and restriction of patient visitors in healthcare facilities or hospitals (Hsu et al., 2020; Wang et al., 2020).New loss of smell and taste: Uncommon symptoms in COVID-19 patients on Nord Franche-Comte cluster, France
We included 70 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Thirty-seven (53%) patients had an anosmia which was associated with dysgeusia in 81% of cases. The mean duration of anosmia was 7 days and 51% (36/70) recovery before 28 days of evolution. Only one patient with anosmia had not recovered at the end of the follow-up.Patterns of viral clearance in the natural course of asymptomatic COVID-19: Comparison with symptomatic non-severe COVID-19
The first cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019 (Chen et al., 2020; Huang et al., 2020). The pathogen has been identified as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (Lu et al., 2020; Zhu et al., 2020). COVID-19 has rapidly become widespread across the world. In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic. From the end of February through March 2020, Daegu—the fourth largest city in South Korea—was emerging as an epicenter of COVID-19 in South Korea.The characteristics and predictive role of lymphocyte subsets in COVID-19 patients
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in early 2020 has now become an unprecedented global health crisis (Zhu et al., 2020; Li et al., 2020). On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization announced that COVID-19 had the characteristics of a global pandemic (World Health Organization, 2019a). The pandemic has since accelerated at an exponential rate. Currently, COVID-19 has spread to more than 200 countries and regions around the world. As of 6 June 2020, there were 6 772 520 confirmed cases and 393 843 deaths from COVID-19 (World Health Organization, 2019b; Onder et al., 2020).Duration of viral shedding in asymptomatic or mild cases of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from a cruise ship: A single-hospital experience in Tokyo, Japan
The novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; SARS-CoV-2), which is the cause of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), first reported in Wuhan, China, has spread across the world and has been characterized by the World Health Organization as a global pandemic (Bedford et al., 2020). In February 2020, at the port of Yokohama, Japan, an outbreak of COVID-19 among passengers and crew of the Diamond Princess cruise ship occurred, with approximately 700 confirmed cases.Combination of thrombolytic and immunosuppressive therapy for coronavirus disease 2019: A case report
A 68-year-old man presented to the emergency department of the General Hospital of Larissa complaining of a high-grade fever for the last 10 days. He had been taking a broad-spectrum antibiotic (clarithromycin) and an antiviral drug (oseltamivir) for 3 days prior to his admission, with no improvement. His medical history included hypertension and well-controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus, under treatment with oral anti-diabetic agents. Arterial blood gases revealed acute hypoxemic (type I) respiratory failure.Preliminary estimates of the reproduction number of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in Republic of Korea and Italy by 5 March 2020
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has caused 6088 cases and 41 deaths in Republic of Korea, and 3144 cases and 107 death in Italy by 5 March 2020, respectively. We modelled the transmission process in the Republic of Korea and Italy with a stochastic model, and estimated the basic reproduction number R0 as 2.6 (95% CI: 2.3–2.9) or 3.2 (95% CI: 2.9–3.5) in the Republic of Korea, under the assumption that the exponential growth starting on 31 January or 5 February 2020, and 2.6 (95% CI: 2.3–2.9) or 3.3 (95% CI: 3.0–3.6) in Italy, under the assumption that the exponential growth starting on 5 February or 10 February 2020, respectively.Preliminary estimation of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases in Iran: A modelling analysis based on overseas cases and air travel data
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China at the end of 2019, and soon spread to the rest of China and overseas (Bogoch et al., 2020). At the time of writing, 78 630 cases had been reported in China and 3664 cases had been confirmed in 46 other countries (World Health Organization, 2020). Iran has recently become an epicenter in the Middle East region and has seen the largest cumulative number of deaths outside China (Wikipedia, 2020). As of March 1, 2020, Iran had confirmed 987 COVID-19 cases, including 54 associated deaths (Wikipedia, 2020).
