Coronavirus (COVID-19) Collection
COVID-19 vaccines provide better protection against related pneumonia than previous symptomatic infection
The burden of the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico has been high and by mid-October 2021, more than 3.7 million laboratory-confirmed cases have been registered, with more than 280 thousand deaths.Reduced ADAMTS13 Activity in Correlation with Pathophysiology, Severity, and Outcome of COVID-19: A Retrospective Observational Study
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an endemic disease that first appeared in China in December 2019. The causative organism was identified later; it is an RNA virus that belongs to the Coronaviridae family and is named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (Lu et al., 2020).Independent risk factors of COVID-19 pneumonia in vaccinated Mexican adults
The availability of vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represent a significant step toward ending the pandemic, and most COVID-19 vaccines confer close to 100% reduction in the risk of serious illness or death (Sharma et al. 2021). In Mexico, vaccination of the general population started in mid-February 2021, and by June 2021, 7 COVID-19 vaccines have received approval by health authorities for their application in Mexico: BNT162b2 (Pfizer, Inc./BioNTech), AZD1222 Covishield (AstraZeneca), Gam-COVID-Vac (National Center Gamaleya), CoronaVac (Sinovac Research and Development Co.), Ad5-nCoV Covidecia (CanSino Biologics Inc.), BBV152 Covaxin (Bharat Biotech International Limited), and Ad26.COV2-S (Janssen-Cilag).Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Preliminary Baseline Report of Japan COVID-19 Task Force, a Nationwide Consortium to Investigate Host Genetics of COVID-19
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has had a devastating effect worldwide, including in Japan (see https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/covid-19/kokunainohasseijoukyou.html )(Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare 2021). Host genome differences between populations may influence disease severity. This may explain why Asians, including Japanese, may have a lower risk of death (Price-Haywood, 2020; Zeberg and Pääbo, 2020). The Japan COVID-19 Task Force was established in early 2020 as a nationwide multicenter consortium.SARS‐CoV‐2 neutralizing antibodies decline over one year and patients with severe COVID‐19 pneumonia display a unique cytokine profile
The highly transmissible and pathogenic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has so far infected about 237 million people worldwide, leading to more than 4.8 million deaths within a period of 22 months. In Thailand, approximately 1.7 million cases and over 17 000 deaths have been confirmed at the time of writing (WHO COVID-19 Dashboard). The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has taken a significant toll on global public health and economies, calling for a deeper understanding of immune correlates of protection against SARS-CoV-2 that may be vital for the implementation of mitigation strategies and development of treatments and vaccines.Tocilizumab treatment in critically ill patients with COVID-19: A retrospective observational study
Since the advent of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China in December 2019 (Zhou et al., 2020), the virus has spread to virtually every country in the world and now accounts for more than 29 million cases worldwide with 937 519 deaths https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/ (accessed September 15). Despite efforts to develop vaccines and generate data from controlled clinical trials, the morbidity and mortality imposed by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia require the implementation of therapies that, based on logical deduction from known mechanisms of action and case reports, could be useful.Canakinumab as treatment for COVID-19-related pneumonia: A prospective case-control study
SARS coronaviruses (SARS-CoV) are a large family of viruses that normally cause mild-to-moderate upper respiratory tract illnesses (Trivedi et al., 2019). The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is currently causing a global pandemic, as declared by the World Health Organization on 11 March 2020. Sepsis, respiratory failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and multiorgan failure are the common complications of an apparently aberrant host immune response (Huang et al., 2020). Huang et al. reported the clinical features of patients infected by COVID-19 and suggested that hyperstimulation of cytokines–such as interferon gamma, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and tumour necrosis factor α–is associated with the severity and clinical complexity of the infection (Huang et al., 2020).COVID-19 convalescent plasma treatment of moderate and severe cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection: A multicenter interventional study
The novel coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is considered one of the greatest global public health crises since the 1918 influenza pandemic (Brown and McCullough, 2020). COVID-19 is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a single- stranded RNA virus that belongs to family coronaviridae (Huang et al., 2020; Zhu et al., 2020). The clinical spectrum of infection is broad, ranging from asymptomatic to severe pneumonia, multiorgan failure, and death.Compassionate use of tocilizumab in severe SARS-CoV2 pneumonia
Since December 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has affected more than 12.5 million people worldwide and more than 560,000 fatalities have been recorded (Anon, 2020a) at the time of writing. Patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia (SSP) die due to poor oxygenation despite ventilatory support and different treatments, including drugs with antiviral activity, such as remdesivir, lopinavir/ritonavir, interferon beta, hydroxychloroquine, and/or anti-inflammatory drugs, such as corticosteroids, azithromycin, and low molecular weight heparin amongst others (Cao et al., 2020; John et al., 2020; Colson et al., 2020; Arabi et al., 2018).The characteristics and predictive role of lymphocyte subsets in COVID-19 patients
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in early 2020 has now become an unprecedented global health crisis (Zhu et al., 2020; Li et al., 2020). On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization announced that COVID-19 had the characteristics of a global pandemic (World Health Organization, 2019a). The pandemic has since accelerated at an exponential rate. Currently, COVID-19 has spread to more than 200 countries and regions around the world. As of 6 June 2020, there were 6 772 520 confirmed cases and 393 843 deaths from COVID-19 (World Health Organization, 2019b; Onder et al., 2020).Asymptomatic infection by SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers: A study in a large teaching hospital in Wuhan, China
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a large number of related deaths and multiple healthcare-associated outbreaks (Zhu et al., 2019; Wang et al., 2020a; Huang et al., 2020; Chen et al., 2020a). Investigators have summarised the clinical characteristics of initial onset in cases (Huang et al., 2020; Chen et al., 2020a): some had atypical clinical manifestations (e.g. severe cases only had moderate or low fever or even no fever), while some mild cases did not have pneumonia and only had low fever or mild fatigue (NHC, 2020; Guan et al., 2020).Therapeutic plasma exchange in adults with severe COVID-19 infection
The novel coronavirus (“SARS-CoV-2”) pandemic continues to spread globally with an estimated 7,930,989 cases and 433,783 (Wikipedia - COVID-19 pandemic by country and territory, 2020) deaths (as of June 15, 2020) without available effective treatment or vaccine. In search of the cure, several randomized controlled clinical trials are in progress (Keith et al., 2020a,b). The SARS-CoV-2 virus infects the respiratory epithelium of the lower airways, causing widespread damage via cytopathic effects, resulting in severe inflammation and pneumonitis.Performance of pneumonia severity index and CURB-65 in predicting 30-day mortality in patients with COVID-19
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has become a major health concern worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, as of May 31, 2020, there had been 5 934 936 confirmed cases and 367 166 deaths (WHO, 2020). Respiratory failure is the leading cause of mortality in patients with COVID-19 (Ruan et al., 2020). Myocardial injury, kidney or liver injury, and multi-organ dysfunction are among the other complications leading to death (Yang et al., 2020).Comparison of hospitalized patients with pneumonia caused by COVID-19 and influenza A in children under 5 years
Since December2019, a novel coronavirus has broken out in Wuhan, and spread rapidly worldwide. On February 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially named this novel coronavirus pneumonia as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), whereas the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses has named it as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). On 11 March, WHO declared that COVID-19 should be characterized as a pandemic. Because of the highly contagious nature of SARS-CoV-2, the entire population was generally susceptible, including young children.COVID-19 outbreak in Malaysia: Actions taken by the Malaysian government
The world is currently experiencing a deadly infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The Director General of the World Health Organization (WHO), Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, in his opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 on April 10, 2020, announced that the COVID-19 outbreak had affected 213 countries, with 1,524,162 confirmed positive cases and 92,941 deaths. COVID-19 is caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that infects the respiratory tract.Three cases of treatment with nafamostat in elderly patients with COVID-19 pneumonia who need oxygen therapy
Since the COVID-19 outbreak started in China, most deaths occur in the elderly or people with underlying diseases. The pathogenesis of COVID-19 is still not well understood why the viral infections lead to respiratory failure with a high mortality rate (Gao et al., 2020). An excessive immune response contributes to COVID-19 pathogenesis and lethality (Gao et al., 2020, Jin et al., 2020). Recently, complement suppression may represent a therapeutic approach to treat COVID-19 (Gao et al., 2020).Pneumonia in children admitted to the national referral hospital in Bhutan: A prospective cohort study
Pneumonia is the single largest cause of mortality in children aged under five years, causing an estimated 15.5% of all deaths in children under five years of age, and over 800,000 paediatric deaths annually (Liu et al., 2016; UN IGME, 2018). Most of these lives could be saved through more effective and equitable health system interventions, combining prevention, early and accurate diagnosis, and treatment (Walker et al., 2013; Rambaud-Althaus et al., 2015). The main pneumonia burden remains disproportionately concentrated in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa (Walker et al., 2013).Delivery of infection from asymptomatic carriers of COVID-19 in a familial cluster
On Dec 31, 2019, the government of Hubei Province, China, first reported a group of confused patients with pneumonia (The Central Government of the People's Republic of China, 2020). Metagenomics sequencing analysis revealed a novel coronavirus, which was officially named SARS-CoV-2 and is the cause of the disease called COVID-19 (World Health Organization, 2020a). The National Health Commission (NHC) established COVID-19 as a category B infectious disease with A-class management on Jan 20 (The Central Government of the People's Republic of China, 2020).
